Different Types Of Transformers

A transformer is a static device which is widely used in the electrical and electronic domain. It plays a vital role in the power system as it enables the economical, safe and reliable generation and distribution of electricity with appropriate voltage levels.

There are several types of transformers which are categorized on the basis of different types of applications they are used in.

However, all types of transformers work on the same principle but they may vary in the way they are built. This does not only depend on its application but also on other factors such as voltage level, core material used, winding arrangement and usage or domain (power or electronics). Transformers are used for outdoor as well as for indoor purposes.

Power Transformer

Also known as high voltage power transformers, acts as a bridge between power generator and the primary distribution grid.

• Follows a step-up principle

These kinds of transformers follow the step-up principle and convert low voltage high current to high voltage low current. They are generally larger in size when compared with the distribution transformer.

• Transfers energy to public electricity supply

These transformers are used to transfer energy to public electricity supply. Their construction is generally complicated due to high power transmission.

• Minimizes the power loss

They play a vital role in the power system by minimizing power loss in the distribution systems.

• Works in three phases

Power transformers generally work in three phases and are costly enough. Due to a large amount of energy transmission they are placed inside power plants away from general public contact.

They have a power rating from 30 KVA to 700 KVA or in some high demand cases, it can be even more than 7000 KVA. Its construction requires durable insulating peripherals, a well-balanced cooling system and are filled with oil.

Distribution Transformer

• Follows a step-down principle

Distribution transformers are step down transformers which converts high voltage power into user required voltage. They can be smaller or bigger in size and the size depends on conversion capacity and ratings.

• Prime factor: Location

The major factor on which the distribution transformer depends is the locations.

These can be easily mounted or placed at several locations, such as a utility pole, underground chambers concrete pad or even enclosed inside a steel box, adding to its advantage and effectiveness.

Distribution transformers have to be designed differently as all day long use and efficiency needs to be considered while designing it.

How power transformer is different from distribution transformer?

• Compact and Flexible

Power transformers are larger in size and have a more complex installation while distribution transformers have a relatively smaller size and can be fit and installed more flexibility.

• Works on a lower voltage

Power transformers work on higher voltages and commonly are rated above 200 MVA. On the other hand, distribution transformers work on lower to middle voltage ranges and commonly rated below 200 MVA.

• Greater efficiency

Power transformers are relatively more efficient as they offer maximum efficiency. However, distribution transformers only offers 60% to 70% efficiency as the load fluctuates.

The increasing demand for power generation is one of the key factors that have positively impacted on the growth of the power sector market in these few years. With the increasing population and the rise in rapid urbanization and industrialization, the demand for power will considerably increase in the coming years as well leading to the need for manufacturing plants, transformers and other power conditioning equipment. Cosmostat is one of the leading power transformer supply company from more than 15 years both nationally and internationally acclaimed providing high-quality distribution transformers.

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